Number of pages: 78 pages

After the country emerged from two successive wars that crippled the Iraqi economy and weakened the regime's grip on power, Iraq witnessed the Shaaban uprising by the Shiites in 1991, in which the Baath claimed thousands of victims. All these factors forced the Baath to find a new way to govern its grip on power, which it sought to achieve by adopting Islamic ideological policies and forging links with Islamic groups within what became known as the faith campaign, which began in 1993.

The event signaled a new era for the Baath Party, in which it sought to use religion as a tool to unify the country and maintain its grip on power. It also heralded the beginning of the transformation of many Baathists from secular warriors to leading jihadist groups in post-2003 Iraq.

The question this study will attempt to answer is, "How did the Baathists, who came from a party with a secular ideology, become the main pillar of jihadist groups in post-2003 Iraq?""